Childrens Functional Health Pattern Assessment Essay Example for Free

Childrens Functional Health Pattern Assessment EssayThe U.S. health cargon delivery system has gone through enormous and transformational changes in the medieval two decades. The traditional hospital-centered health care delivery is no longer able to support the expanded demands of health care services, especially outside hospitals. In the same token, the traditional role of a blow as bedside direct caregiver is insufficient to meet the accelerating needs of nurses in other areas, such as health promotion and disease prevention, sideslip management, leadership and research.As a result of that, preparation of the entry-level of professional nurses requires a broader competencies so that nurses are educationally prepared to function with more independence in delivering diversified care. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) recognized the Bachelor of Science tier in nursing as the minimum educational requirement for professional nursing practice (AACN, 2000). There are significant residuums between attendant degree nursing programs and bachelors degree degree nursing programs. The baccalaureate program not only include all of curriculum in the associate degree programs, but also provides in-depth study in physical and loving sciences, nursing research, leadership and management, community and public health nursing, patient role education, and the humanities (Johnston, 2009). The broader and more in-depth education enhance professional development and circumstantial cerebration. The baccalaureate graduate is prepared to better understand many issues in culture, society, economy and politics. Such skills are essential for todays nursing professionals.In clinical practice, associate degree nurses provide bedside care in less complex situation while baccalaureate degree nurses design and manage a comprehensive protrude of care. They understand more in patients signs and symptoms, supervise other nursing personnel, support staff, and g uide patients through the complicated health care resources in a community, and acquire patients on health care options and advanced directives .Over the past several years, researchers and policymakers have identified that educational preparation does make a huge difference in how nurses practice. Johnsons (1988) meta-analysis indicated that there weresignificant differences between professional (baccalaureate degree) and technical (associate degree and diploma) nurses on measures of nurse performance. Measures include communication skills, knowledge, problem-solving, and professional role. Pardue (1987) investigated the differences in critical thinking ability and decision-making skills among 121 associate degree, diploma, baccalaureate, and masters prepared nurses. Results indicated that nurses with masters and baccalaureate degrees had the highest scores in critical thinking ability.In my hospital the ICU nurses are BSNs, and they are responsible for patient education in additi on to providing bedside care. An compositors case of a patient care situation that was positively affected by having a BSN nurse available, recently occurred at the department where I work. A 37 year-old lady who is a post-liver transplant patient was admitted to the ICU for organ rejection and severe anemia. The medication residence issue was brought up by the resident doctors. The ICU nurse provided medication reconciliation and discovered that patient often missed Prednisone. The nurse therefore washed-out more time on educating post-transplant immunosuppressant medications and reinforcing the importance to be compliant with medication regimen.The patient finally confessed that Prednisone made her gain lots of weight, which was the main reason why she did not take this medication. The nurse researched clinical evidence based on patients primary diagnosis and corresponded medical treatment options. She realized that patient has a diagnosis of recurrent autoimmune hepatitis and Prednisone is one of medications that treat autoimmune disease.The ICU nurse called out a meeting with the multidisciplinary team included the transplant social worker, pharmacist, nutritionist, nurse practitioners and surgeons. Patient and her care giver husband were also invited to the discussion of the plan for her care. Because of the shared decision making, the transplant team concord to lower her Prednisone dose to the minimum and add a small dose of diuretic to avoid water retention caused by Prednisone. Through social workers help, patient agreed to take Prednisone every day and her husband promised to remind her to take the medication. Nutritionist provided consultation in fluid and salt restriction.This example demonstrated that the baccalaureate degree nurse was well prepared to understand the pathophysiology and disease process. She conducted research study and obtained the best available evidence in annexe to patients care. Finally she used her coordination and colla boration skills and gathered a meeting of the multidisciplinary team and patients family. She also demonstrated a strong leadership skill in case management.She placed patient at the center of the care and approached to a shared decision-making. Without any doubt, her performance is a result of the educational preparation she received from the baccalaureate nursing program. If this case was handled by an associated degree nurse, her educational skill sets might not have prepare her to fulfill the task.References-American Association of College of Nursing (2000). The baccalaureate degree in nursing as minimal preparation for professional practice. Retrieved from http//www.aacn.nche.edu/publications/position/bacc-degree-prep -Johnson, J. H. (1988). Differences in the performance of baccalaureate, associate degree, and diploma nurses A meta-analysis. Research in Nursing Health, 11, 183 197. DOI 10.1002/nur.4770110307 -Johnston, K. A. (2009). The importance of the baccalaureate degree in nursing education. Retrieved from http//www.peoriamagazines.com/ibi/2009/apr/importance-baccalaureate-degree-nursing-education -Pardue, S. F. (1987). Decision-making skills and critical thinking ability among associate degree, diploma, baccalaureate, and masters-prepared nurses. Journal of Nursing Education, 26, 354-61.

Population Seven Billion Essay Example for Free

universe S level off Billion EssayThere will soon be s even out billion populate on the planet. By 2045, the global population is projected to r apiece nine billion. Can the planet take the strain? The first attempt to omen the human beings population whitethorn have been carried out by Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek in the 17th century. Based on his calculations, Leeuwenhoek concluded triumphantly, there could not be to a greater extent than 13.385 billion commonwealth on Earth a small number indeed compared with the 150 billion sperm cells of a single codfish.Historians now estimate that in Leeuwenhoeks day, there were only half a billion or so humans on Earth. After rising very soft for millennia, the number was just starting to take off. A century and a half later, when another scientist reported the discovery of human egg cells, the worlds population had doubled to more than a billion. A century after that, around 1930, it had doubled again to two billion. The acceleration si nce then has been astounding. Before the twentieth century, no human had lived through a doubling of the human population, but there are people alive today who have seen it triple. According to the U.N. state Division, by the end of 2011, there will be seven billion of us.The population explosion, though it is slowing, is far from over. Not only are people nourishment longer, but so many women across the world are now in their childbearing years 1.8 billion that the global population will harbor growing for another few decades at least, even though each woman is having fewer children than she would have had a generation ago. U.N. demographers project that the population may reach nine billion by the year 2045. The eventual tally will depend on the choices individual couples make when they engage in that well-nigh intimate of human acts, the one Leeuwenhoek interrupted so carelessly for the sake of science.With the population still growing by about 80 million each year, it is h ard not to be alarmed. Right now on Earth, water tables are falling, soil is eroding, glaciers are melting, and fish stocks are vanishing. If growth countries follow the cartroad blazed by wealthy countries such as clearingforests, burning coal and oil, scattering fertilizers and pesticides, they too will be stepping hard on the planets natural resources. How exactly is this going to work?At certain time periods in history, a high fertility rate was important. In 18th-century Europe or early 20th-century Asia, when the average woman had six children, she was doing what it took to replace herself and her mate, because most of those children never reached adulthood. When child mortality declines, couples eventually have fewer children but that transition normally takes a generation at the very least. Today in developed countries, an average of 2.1 births per woman would maintain a steady population in the developing world, replacement fertility is somewhat higher. In the time it ta kes for the birth-rate to settle into that new balance with the death rate, population explodes.The good news is high fertility grade currently only occur in around 16 per cent of the worlds population and mostly in Africa, according to Hania Zlotnik, director of the UN Population Division. In most of the world, however, family size has shrunk dramatically. The UN projects that the world will reach replacement fertility by 2030. The population as a whole is on a path toward non-explosion which is good news, Zlotnik says. The bad news is 2030 is two decades away and the largest generation of adolescents in history will then be entering their childbearing years. in time if each of those women has only two children, population will coast upward under its own momentum for another quarter of a century. One affair is certain close to one in six of them will live in India.The goal in India should not be reducing fertility or population, Almas Ali of the Population Foundation told me whe n I spoke to him a few days later. The goal should be to make the villages liveable, he said. Whenever we talk of population in India, even today, what comes to our mind is the increasing numbers and these numbers are looked at with fright. This phobia has penetrated the mind-set so much that all the focus is on reducing the number. The one-year meeting of the Population Association of America (PAA) is one of the premier gatherings of the worlds demographers. Last April theglobal population explosion was not on the agenda. The problem has become a bit pass, Herv Le Bras says. Demographers are generally confident that by the second half of this century we will be last one unique era in history the population explosion and entering another, in which population will level out or even fall.From this, one can also draw a different conclusion, that fixating on population numbers is not the best way to confront the future. The number of people does matter, of course, but how people co nsume resources matters a lot more. The central challenge for the future of people and the planet is how to raise more of us out of poverty while reducing the impact each of us has on the planet.

Using Suitable Models Identify The Customer Perceived Value Marketing Essay

Using Suitable Models Identify The Customer comprehend Value commercializeing EssayTesco is the largest food retailer in UK and it is amongst worlds communicate 5 largest retailers byannual salesbehindWal-MartandCarrefour. It started in 1919 and now it ope charge per units more than 3000 chisel ins in UK and it also has stores in rest of Europe, North America and Asia. This telephoner is multi category that also runs telecom and banking services apart from food retailing but for the purpose of this paper the focus will be will be on client perceived cheers for the customers of TESCO.Tesco is based on trust and respect. They have learnt over the years that if customers like their offers, then there is higher rate of possibility that they will rise up back and shop with them again. So they will do every possible thing to retain their revalued customers.1.2 Vision of TESCOTescos fancy is to be most highly valued by the customers they serve, the communities in which they operate , their loyal and committed staff and their shareholders, to be a growing company, a modern and advance(a) company and winning loc everyy and applying their skills globally.1.3 Customer Perceived ValueThe Customer Perceived value of a crossing is the customers evaluation of all the benefits gained against all the cost of a product or service.Zeithaml defines customer perceived value as consumers overall assessment of the utility of a product based on perceptions of what is sure and what is given. Though what is received varies customer to customer because some people want only quantity other may want quality in the circumstantial product, similarly what is given also varies customer to customer like some people are only concerned with the price of the product others may be concerned with the time and efforts they are putting in to buy the product.(Source Zeithaml, V. A., 1998 Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence Journal o f Marketing 52 (July) 2-22)In simple words customer perceived value is the benefits you get after your sacrifices.It is often expressed as the equationCustomer perceived value = Perceived BenefitsPerceived SacrificeBenefits = attributes of core product/service and supporting services, perceived quality and priceSacrifice = customer costs involved in purchasing, such as time, travel, repairing faulty work, etc. NOT just price.Perceived BenefitPerceived SacrificePriceMoneyQualityTime emplacement campaign gadgetPsychic costTalking about TESCO, benefits associated with perceived value are Price Customers get great saving offers when purchasing their favourite products in Tesco. Quality At Tesco, quality and freshness has always meant handpicked groceries carefully packed so customer knows every item is carefully checked before it reaches them. Status Being UKs biggest retailer Tesco has a very high status amongst the customers and it has great goodwill in the market so customers are a ware of the prestige of the company. Convenience Tesco has got many facilities for its customers like online shopping, home delivery, self-billing counters and wide range of products to choose from plus now it is introducing free Wi-Fi in the stores for its customers so that they can keep connected to mesh always.Sacrifices associated with perceived value are Money if consumer find the cost of product higher than expected, they need to decide if it is worth taking or not. Time it is the centre of time consumer has to spend on finding and purchasing the product in Tesco. Effort involves the physical energy devoted by people to find products that suits their take in the store so it takes efforts to do shopping also. Psychic Cost shopping is stressful and frustrating experience and Perceived risk is considered for the performance of the product (will it do the job), physical (may be bodily harm done by the product), financial (danger of economic loss from the purchase).1.4 Holbrooks typology of consumer perceived valueExtrinsicIntrinsic dynamicEfficiency(O/l, Convenience)Play(Fun)Self-OrientedReactiveExcellence(Quality)Aesthetics(Beauty)ActiveStatus(Success,ImpressionManagement)Ethics(Virtue, Justice,Morality)Other-OrientedReactiveEsteem(Reputation,Materialism,Possessions)Spirituality(Faith, Ecstasy,Sacredness,Magic)Source Holbrook, M. B., 1999 Consumer Value A framework for analysis and research.If we first consider extrinsic versus intrinsic, there will be higher extrinsic value for the customers of Tesco because they emphasise on the end proceeds of their purchase. Talking about self-oriented and other-oriented it is seen that here focus is on self-oriented more while shopping in Tesco because the customer is doing it for his or her own purpose or objective. When we come to the final part of Holbrooks framework, active versus responsive, it is seen that customers of Tesco are from different cultures and societies so they prefer different type of food mater ial like Chinese would prefer Chinese food and Indian will prefer Indian food so it is difficult to keep all the customers happy at once but for customers reactive is more important.What Holbrooks framework does enable is the ability to identify the key values of customers, and in the case of Tesco, whilst it can be stated that the customer perceived value is multidimensional, the application of the typology of consumer value identifies two key values, efficiency and excellence.02) Critically evaluate the existing value proposition for the one you have chosen. Compare and contrast the value proposition with that of the leading competitor in its sector.2.1 Value PropositionIt is defined as an analysis or statement of the combination of goods and services offeredby a company to its customers in exchange for payment (Investopedia, n.d.). It is actuallya promise of value of the company to deliver the services that the customers expect toexperience in the future.Tescos Market strategyTes cofocusedtodevelopthe UK market as it is theirbiggestbusinessin the group. As for the worldwidemarket, Tescosobjective isto be aspectacularretailstorein the world as well as online.Tescokeptitscustomersthroughnumerousways. One of it is through the Tesco Club-card program.Tesco has been very inventive in the Customer obedience field. The loyalty programs they havedevelopedhave keptcustomers attachedto their brand.Tesco had thedreamstoknow its customers andtheirneed and itwas the key tocustomer loyaltyand satisfaction. ThisClub-cardhaschangedTescosconnection with itscustomersand thedatafrom the database tour guidesall the keydecisions to be taken for company. The loyalty club-card design permits fornumerousadvantagesone of which isaimed atcommunication. There are more than 4 million variations of its quarterlycustomermailing todouble-checkthat its offers and discountsare accordingto their individual customer. Hence, this precisassiststo keep its present buyer and bring a feel ofcommi tmentto the organization. Theadvantagesof this loyalty schemewillapplyto newcustomersandassistTesco to gainlargermarket share.

A Look At Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe English Literature Essay

A Look At Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe English Literature EssayDaniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe (1719) is regarded as the most notable forerunner of the English falsehood or to some extent the first English Novel. It was written at the beginning a century that witnessed great changes in the economic order. The cognoscenti have dealt with the grapheme of Robinson Crusoe, bring out several points of view. The motive of this piece of work is to study Crusoes philosophy about trade, religion and non-Europeans in its historical background. These three facets of Crusoes personality argon inherently connected with each some other and argon thus fundamental to an appreciation of Crusoes mindset and character. His disposition towards dealings and religion is prompted by practical(prenominal) containations. He capitalizes on non-Europeans and is backed by spiritual beliefs in his discriminating treatment. The next consideration of the three main aspects of Crusoes nature will help us to k itchen stove his character and inform us of the prevalent trends of the Eighteenth Century.Right from the beginning, Crusoe appears to be a star-crossed navigator and tradesman, however his ambitions are not impeded by shipwrecks and captivity. He is not the archetype of a man who could be impelled to abandon his Marxist principles by bad luck contrariwise these misfortunes and his defencelessness tend to plough a driving force. Robinson has the personality of a well-bred dealer whom setback or hardship does not break further whose perseverance and composure are magnified. much(prenominal) mischance adds to his wisdom and predisposes him to future challenges.He never omits any scope for coronation and commerce. In Brazil, besides exploring other opportunities for making m stary, he guardedly inspects the land, the plantations, and the regulation of the country. Crusoe undoubtedly inherited his methodical and businesslike way of living from his natal home in York. To put down ro ots as a planter in Brazil, it is needed to acquire property and obtain an allowable license. He makes profits on the situation and starts out to contemplate future prospects as a prosperous planter.Crusoe is the only one who survives from the hapless shipwreck. Although the craft is filled with water, he takes all the useful items to the island. He dwells on this remote island thanks to his notable shrewdness. His living the supervision of the resources on the isle and his discrimination in the dreariest details of ein truthday conduct are germane to his mercantile interests. Albeit he calls money a Drug and nasty, sorry, useless Stuff he does not get rid of it but rather encases it in a piece of canvas and preserves it for the future.Robinson Crusoes life as a dynamic trader arises out of his arrival in Lisbon after having s publisht more than twenty-eight years on the island. It is as though he were leading off a new life from scratch inquiring about the state of his planta tion in Brazil and aiming at renewing his old trade contacts. He discovers that his plantation is still thriving and earns from its profits over five thousand pounds in sterling silver. Thenceforth, he disposes of his plantings and takes up residence in England.Crusoes feeling about nature is likewise practical. He exploits the island exclusively for his own subsistence and satisfaction and feels no aesthetic gladness form its majestic scenery. He just fusses about the improvement of his land and has no leisure to notice that the island provides a beautiful landscape. Crusoes sole pleasure comes from examining his goods I had every liaison so furbish up at my Hand and that is was a great Pleasure to me to see all my Goods in such order and especially to find my Stock of all Necessaries so great.He always pleaded for his independence when he was on the Island of Despair. But after his deliverance, and on getting back home, he is not inclined to overlook the investment he has made in the island. Apart from his nostalgic association for him, the island is linked to his commercial motives. He writes Besides this I shard the island into parts with em, reservd to myself the Property of the whole, but gave them such Parts respectively as they agred on and having settld all Things with them, and engagd them not to leave the Place, I left them there.Crusoes penchant for mercantilism proves to be surprisingly realistic and precautionary his thrifty investments have brought him a substantial coming back. He is an affluent tradesman and his adventures represent the virtues of individualism and absolute economic, social and intellectual freedom for the individual.Despite the recurrent religious cogitations in Defoes story, we are aware that it would be inaccurate to take the purpose of the novel or even its central constitution as being pious in nature. Intuitively assessed, the book looks secular, more instantly and more steadily concerned with a mans earthly fulfillm ent than with his certificate of indebtedness towards the Providence under the guidance of religion.After returning to England, Crusoes comparison of himself to the biblical character Job in chapter XXIX displays much about how he gives his martyrdom religious meaning I might well say now indeed, that the latter End of Job was better than the Beginning. It is impossible to express here the Fl talkings of my very Heart when I looked over these Letters and especially when I found all my Wealth about me for as the Brazil Ships come all in Fleets, the same Ships which brought my Letters brought my Goods . Like Job, whose religious devotion was gauged by theology through the deprivation of family and wealth, Crusoe is dispossessed of his money while nonetheless pledging allegiance to the Deity.In a similar way, the protagonists pride in escaping the middle Station is a mark of Greek mythology in which the characters suffer from hubris and are therefore scourged by their sin. His fathe rs dominance sounds like a prophetic statement for Crusoes predicament Boy might be happy if he would stay at Home, but if he goes oversea he will be the most miserable Wretch that was ever born. He unremittingly ponders over his connection with the Lord throughout the novel and how much God is penalizing him for his wicked Days.Halfway through the novel, Robinson, after a long rumination on whether religion allowed him to murder without warning or provoking the cannibals on the island, ends by observing that they might kill him. His observation is Religion joyned in with this prudentialme. Religion has a way of concurring with the protection and comfort of Defoes fictional character. As we said previously, Crusoes maiden imprudence is going off to sea without his fathers consent, which is viewed by him and is considered to be so viewed by us, as deliberate insubordination to God, that these calamities are meant to lead him into compunction for his offence and into the pardon and kindness of God, and that his ultimate prosperity is a proof of Gods care for him. Despite the dramatic events, Crusoes temperament does not seem to alter, even if he is in a state of sin or of repentance.The necessity of repentance is a key element in the novel. The Preface indicates the moral and religious dimensions of the story, which states that Crusoes travelog is published to instruct others in Gods wisdom and the importance of repenting ones sins The Story is told with Modesty, with Seriousness, and with a religious application of Events to the Uses to which wise Men always apply them to the Instruction of others by this Example, and to justify and honour the Wisdom of Providence in all the Variety of our Circumstances, let them happen how they will.Crusoe needs compunction most when he is told from the fiery angelical figure that comes to him during a feverish hallucination and says Seeing all these Things have not brought you to repentance, now you shall die. He believes that his major sin is his rebellious behaviour towards his father, which he compares to a biblical reference I have been in all my Circumstances a Memento to those who are touched with the general Plague of Mankind, whence, for ought I know, one half of their Miseries flow I mean, that of not being satisfyd with the Station wherein God and Nature has placd them for not to look back upon my primitive Condition, and the excellent Advice of my Father, the showdown to which was, as I may call it, my original Sin. It is akin to Adam and Eves defiance of God, which may suggest that Crusoes exile from civilization symbolizes Adam and Eves expulsion from Eden. fit in to Robinson, contrition consists of acknowledging his desolation and his complete reliance upon the Lord.A main part of the plot of the novel relies on the fact that Crusoe is shipwrecked on the island as Gods way of bringing him to repentance and redemption. On several occasions in the novel, Defoe achieved a kind of grandeu r of vision in which the might and majesty of God are praised I had now brought my state of lifenext to miraculous. Here the Puritan sense of the grace of God for an unworthy sinner is well-expressed. It is unlikely that a hypocrite would pen these lines. If the intensity of religious belief appears less in Defoe and the concern with substantial success greater than in the works of his puritan predecessors, that intensity of feeling is except anything but missing. This may seem the mark of a hypocritical religious belief, despising the wealthy yet labouring to achieve them, but to the Puritan, there is postal code contradictory in this.The most unpleasant leitmotiv in Defoes novel is the way Crusoe behaves towards non-Europeans. The fact that his attitude is very repulsive arouses our interest, for it assures us to understand the foundations of British Imperialism that were being laid at when the novel was written. There is no possibility but that the opinions expressed by Crusoe a re those of the author as well. We know rich of Defoes own political career as an agent of the Prime Minister who made the treaty endowing Great Britain with its slaving rights, Sir Robert Harely, to be certain he was in deem with British policy. Moreover it is obvious that Defoe is manifesting his casual sense of superiority to non-Europeans, as shown by his readers sympathy, even to the point of making native humour one of the interests of the novel.We shall consider cardinal aspects of Robinson Crusoe before trying to come to some conclusion the jocular use of language to characterize non-Europeans the prejudice practiced by Crusoe Crusoes belief that other peoples should work for him and his reflections on nationality.The first part of the demonstration seems innocuous, but it is not. The problem lies in the fact that both Xury and Friday speak very bad English indeed. Concerning Xury, the thing that may surprise us is that he speaks English, because we are told that Crusoe h ad no fellow-Europeans to communicate with while he was at Sallee. We should expect that he and his fellow slaves would speak Turkish or Arabic or Berber, some language that is used in the Maghreb. Nevertheless Xury speaks bad English in conversing with Crusoe. As for Friday, he could not utter a word in English before meeting Crusoe. Yet, his English is no better than Xurys, even after some three or four years of continual conversation in English. Despite this, other foreigners, from Europe like the Portuguese sea-captain, speak completely good English.Now the vernacular is one mark, a most meaningful sign, of the equivalence between human beings. That Defoe presents Xury and Friday thus, making funny use of their defective English, has the insidious effect of making us cover them as somehow inferior to Crusoe and to Englishmen in general.The second thing to clarify is another token of Crusoes discrimination. In the episode where Crusoe, after having decided not to interject in th e cannibalistic customs of the Indians on the island, changes his mind on the spur of the moment and does interfere, the reason of his intervention is that one of the victims is a European. This could be abstractly justified, on the basis of Crusoes concept of nationalities. Still, this would be too insubstantial to account for the strength of Crusoes reaction. Fridays pronouncement that one of the victims is a European fired all the very head within him. He was filled with Horror at the very Naming of the white bearded man, whom he saw vividly was a European, and had clothes on. Such a fact clearly unfolds Crusoes real sympathy for Europeans, whatever he might say in calmer moments.The coming idea we have referred to is not idle to elaborate. We can pay attention to the fact that Crusoe is never disposed to acknowledge a relation on equal terms with non-Europeans. He purposely strives for appearance to them awe-inspiring and assumes, as a matter of course, that they should be wi lling to offer up their lives for his privilege.Lastly, the fourth aspect to expound is that Crusoes concept of nationalities, though not racist, seems to be prejudiced against the bulk of native peoples who are seen as evil and deserving of Gods punishment. It is true that he leaves it to God to punish them, but the expression of the theory is meant to ascertain our empathy for them. In the following paragraph Crusoe goes on to observe we did not know by what Light and Law these should be condemned but that as God was necessarily, and by the Nature of His Being, infinitely holy and just, so it could not be, but that if these Creatures were all sentenced to Absence from himself it was on Account of sinning against the Light.

Assessing food globalisation effects in taiwan

Assessing food globularisation effects in taiwanWith the fast finish of the guild and economy, there is no doubt that globalisation is coming increasingly popular than ever before since 1980s, whether in inter field of study economy or global political affairs, and it entrust be more(prenominal) popular in the future (Aydin, 2010). Now all kinds of the information potful be transformed in a brief second with a large amount. Therefore, as a result of globalization, all over the gentlemans gentleman are linked together and they depend on each(prenominal) other (Skoufiasa, 2010). With the globalization, the world has been evolution much faster as well.In this essay, it is to concur a short description of the background and the fundamental theories of globalization, after that, a case study, Taiwan banana tree tree tree tree tree manufacture, willing be placed out to analysis the effects of the globalization to the banana industry. Before analyzing the specific effects, there will be a brief introduction of Taiwan Banana industry, including nature, culture and the governing body bureau in the banana market, and then the reasons to choose Taiwan Banana industry as a case study will be demonst enumerated as well. With the globalization, competition in the banana industry is of quite sharp, gum olibanum comparison with the Philippine would be rentn. Soon afterwards, the strategies for improving the Taiwan Banana industry competition will be further illustrated. Finally, a conclusion will be drawn.Description of the theory of globalizationSince the 1980s, globalization has been neat an increasingly untested phenomenon in the world, the basic characteristics of our times. However, there is no uniform definition of globalization. From the veridical form, globalization refers to the cross-border flows of honests and capital, by means of a transnational and local internationalisation and globalization these stages of victimization (Fratzscher, 2007). Cross-border flows of goods and capital is the first form of globalization. In this process, by a match regional, it arouse international economical management organizations and economic entities, and culture, lifestyle, values, ideologies and other spiritual forces of transnational ex counterchange, collision, conflict and integration (Braslavsky, 2003). Overall, globalization is a core of economic globalization, including the countries and passels of non-homogeneous regions in the political, cultural, technological, military, security, ideology, lifestyle, values, multi-layered, multi-area interconnected, the impact of multiple constraints of the concept. Globalization can be summarized as engineering science, economy, politics, law, management, organizational, cultural, ideological, interpersonal communication, the globalization of international relations in ten areas. And globalization has umteen advantages and disadvantages.First, globalization allows worldwide cap ital, technology, products, and markets, resources to be relocated effectively and rationally(Anwar, 2007). Globalization non entirely prompts in effective international cooperation, but also intensifies the competition among countries. From a country perspective, local companies will exceed their resources and limited domestic market, the global search for the optimal allocation of resources and effective use.Second, globalization provides good opportunities and challenges for development countries (Manzey, 2009). First, it helps developing countries to use alien capital and foreign investment. Second, it promotes structural optimization of the exports of developing countries. As the capital inflows, direct investment activities of transnational corporations and domestic industrial restructuring flummox improved the structure of developing country exports. Third, it forces developed countries to deal with the problems faced by developing countries. Developed countries increasi ngly recognize that economic globalization, their economic constancy and development depend on developing countries (Gomory, 2009).Third, with the globalization, it provides peoples of the world for a good opportunity to select goods and services (Ge, 2009). With the market globalization, international trade logistics will endure the of import form of peoples of the world according to their own preferences and consumption needs, to choose their products (Farazmand, 2005).Fourth, globalization will promote culture development. Economic globalization will not only affect the global economic structure and order, but also it brings different cultures to varying degrees (Arndt, 2009 Polivka, 2001).Fifth, globalization will promote trade and investment loosening (Grieben, 2009). Trade and investment liberalization are the products of economic globalization and it is a powerful driving force of globalization. Trade and investment liberalization are accelerating the development of advan ced process of economic globalization. Investment liberalization, has become the mainstream of development, in not only developed countries, but a growing number of developing countries actively take investment liberalization measures. On the one hand, a large number of foreign investment, on the other hand actively engaging in overseas investment, so that the world direct investment increased rapidly, investment activities worldwide, the global regulatory framework and rules of investment have begun to form.Sixth, globalization accelerates the process of technology transfer and industrial structure adjustment (Rugman, 2005). Globalization has brought great development of the international division of elbow grease, industry, the big transfer and capital, technology and other production factors of large flows, which make up the domestic capital for developing countries, technology and other elements of the sally.On the contrary, globalization has its negative effects.First, globali zation has exacerbated the imbalance in the world economy, so that the wealth gap (Gindlinga, 2010). Globalization has not only brought the impact on the national economy of developing countries, but it also affects the basis of unequal relations.Second, globalization has strengthened the instability of the world economy (Czinkota, 2005). Globalization ties with the world economy more closely, then, each countrys economic stability will depend not only on their domestic factors, but also, largely, by the tremendous international impact. As international trade continues to expand, other countries, particularly major trading partners economic situation, such as inflation, the financial crisis, and it will affects their own (Knight, 1998).Third, the current global economic rules of operation are not quite reasonable, developed countries benefit more (Zhu, 2004). With the development of economic globalization, the objective needs to be regulated with the rules, constraints, the behavi or of participants, while the rule-making is a strength-based.Fouth, globalization can also lead to the destruction of the ecological milieu in developing countries (Aggarwal, 2006). For example, the increasing spread of desertification, land erosion, the extinction of plant and animal species, marine and river Road pollution.A brief introduction of Taiwan nature, cultureTaiwan is located on the secondeast coast of the continental shelf, located between foresightfulitude 1191803 and 124 3430, latitude 204525 to 255630. It has a sea area of 36,000 full-strength kilometers, including Taiwan Island (an area of 35,801 square kilometers), the Penghu Islands, Green Island, Diaoyu Island, Orchid Island, Lantau Peng Gui, Chiwei. The province is also is divided in 7 cities and 16 counties. Taiwan faces the Pacific, the Northeast neighborhood Ryukyu Islands, virtually 600 km apart the southern boundary is the Bashi Channel, and the Philippines, about 300 km apart west boundary is the Tai wan Strait, Fujian, narrowest point to 130 kilometers. Taiwan, the center comport briefly the Western Pacific, is the Pacific regions major transport hub at sea links. In addition, it is an main(prenominal) part of China. (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan).Taiwan has a population of 21.86 million, including Kinmen, Matsupopulation growth rate is about 7.31%. Population is mainly concentrated in the western plains, the eastern population of only 4% of the total population. The average population density is 568.83 people per square kilometer. Political, economic and cultural center and largest city of Taipeis population density has reached 1 million per square kilometer. The Han nationality accounts for about 98% of the total Taiwan residents, nonage 2%, about 38 million people. According to the language and customs of different ethnic minorities of Taiwan into the Ami, Atayal, Paiwan, Bunun, Puyuma, Rukai, Cao, Yami and the other 9 Saisiyat family, separation across the province. And at once it has a mixture culture including traditional Chinese culture,Japanese culture, traditional Confucianist beliefs, and increasingly Western values (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan) .The island of Taiwan is mountainous, mountains and hills occupy more than two-thirds of the total area. Taiwans mountains and the islands northeast southwestern United States direction parallel to the vertical Woyu east central island location, the island formed over the eastern mountains, hilly central and western plains of topographical features. Taiwan has warm mood in winter, hot in summer, rainfall, typhoons and heavy rain over the summer and fall. Tropic of Cancer passing through the central island, north to subtropical climate, the south has a tropical climate, the average temperature (except mountains) is 22 , annual precipitation over 2000 mm. Abundant rainfall creates favorable conditions islands rivers, crops and fruits, particular Taiwan banana (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T aiwan).The reason for selecting banana industryBanana is one of Taiwans major economic fruits for export-oriented, and presently banana is still the largest export of Taiwan fruit. Compared with other crops, bananas, due to higher yield, extensive management, labor saving, still has a comparative advantage. In short, the banana production in Taiwan for several years shows the phenomenon of growth, decline and stability. So the expansion of Taiwans banana industry has also emerged, and the steady state of contraction. It also has a long history of exporting to other countries. Taking Japan for example, it has been decades of exporting banana to Japan since 1963. Taiwans banana industry developed during the period of Japanese occupation, and Taiwan bananas monopolized the Japanese market until banana importation was liberalized in 1963 (Yoshiyuki, 2006). Taiwan has very good light and genus Oestrus conditions with the largest banana development, the highest yield, and it is one of t he regions with best feature. In addition, Taiwan banana is of good quality and convenient transportation, because is the Pacific regions major transport hub. So Taiwan banana is chosen as a case study in this essay.The effects of transnational corporations on banana marketWith the development of economy, the five large transnational corporations monopolize the whole banana market now. It is undeniable that transnational corporations are an important driving force of economic globalization. Multinationals global business strategy is an important foundation to speed up the process of economic globalization (Matowe, 2002). The competitiveness of enterprises is the industrial competitiveness as well as an important manifestation of national competitiveness. TNC is the main force of the modern enterprise, and is an important part of the worlds overall national strength and competitiveness of countries. Multinational firms international investment accelerates the process of economic glo balization. world-wide investment is the international economic and technological cooperation (Cerny,1994). With the accelerated development of the world economy, multinational corporations have become the main carrier of international investment. Multinational international investment is showed in the global expansion of finance capital, monopolizing in the world market. Therefore, the five large transnational corporations have great impact on the global banana market and the main producing countries, Taiwan included, although banana is an exporting industry with a long history. For example, transnational corporation will affect political science insurance (Roberts, 2005). On the other hand, to large multinational companies, they have the finance strength to repel their rivals out of the market. Because of the market operation in many countries at the alike time, they would use lower prices exclude local competitors. With incomplete information, they often have local aggressive b ehavior to establish their credibility, or potential competition to the world market for the issuing of false signals, to stiffen the overall competition (Globalization and global change research 2004, p. 280). In all, they benefit more for themselves. Whats more, Philippine now is becoming the fourth largest exporter that it might put great affect on the Taiwan banana. If the situation continues, the large transnational corporation will operate in Taiwan, thus the Taiwan banana industries should find a way out.The strategy to compete with PhilippineIn recent years, many problems appear in the banana industry. First, the quality of banana changes because of the bad weather like typhoon, many banana trees are destroyed by typhoon, but the remaining trees are also seriously hurt. In addition, diseases are wide spreaded as well, so that the quality is reduced. According to the news, because of the low quality of banana, Japan almost refuses a large number of the bananas every year. On the other hand, the big rival-Philippine, is developing fast in the recent years. Now the Philippine is the world fourth largest banana country. Whats more, Philippine has low price bananas and now it holds almost seven tenths of the Japan banana market. Therefore, it is a real rival to Taiwan banana industry. However, since the Taiwan has become a member of WTO, changes will take place to compete with the low price Philippine banana if effective measures are taken.First and for the most, the quality of the Taiwan bananas should be improved. In order to reduce the disease attack, new and anti-disease species would be cultivated. Then putting more emphasis on the producing technology, producing technology is of important in banana producing, such as property fresh. Now people pay more attention to health food than ever before that Green food is every popular. Therefore, if after years of challenging working, Taiwan banana is much healthier than other counties, it will have a large r market again. However, so as to realize the goal, much specie should input to research. Government departments should be targeted to organize the implementation of major research projects These projects should be borne by research institutions and integrated production enterprises.Second, improve the banana farmers positive. As a result of the bad performance of Taiwan banana exporting market, the farmers positives been seriously hurt. Therefore, in order to improve the banana farmers positive, the government should stabilize banana prices, and then improve the banana prices step by step and more privilege would be enacted to give more profits to the banana farmers.Third, the government should have a top off understanding of its responsibility in the modem society, especially as a member of WTO. In personal, compared with Taiwan nature and culture characters, the role of government is of much more importance. Further more, governments a particular insurance will promote, draw ba ck, or stabilize the banana market, especially after Taiwan entered into WTO.With globalization, the governments main responsibilities are following. First, the government plays a critical role in the development of economy (Moshirian, 2008). Government should use the various legal, economic and other macro-control means to fight back the economic order and the sustainable and healthy economic development. In this aspect, the focus of government economic policy is to create the state-efficient market surroundings, especially a good investment environment to attract capital, technology and professionals to improve the countrys competitiveness. As the global economy and national development strategies important changes take place under the new situation, governments, especially governments of developing countries should transform its role in enhancing economic competitiveness imperative way. On the one hand, trade and investment liberalization require developing countries to adopt e ffective policies to ensure fair competition on the other hand, cross-border movement substantially eliminates barriers for developing countries to use global resources to develop its economy. More and more governments realize that creating and maintaining an efficient market is more important than industrial policy. The government plays the role in basically allocation of resources to improve the efficiency of resource allocation, enhancing its economic competitiveness. Government can not intervene the market excessively to avoid distortion and damage the market mechanism. Second, the government also plays a great role in governing the society. In the era of economic globalization, with the internationalization of social life, domestic content and manner of administration will inevitably encounter problems of internationalization (Aguayo-Tlleza, 2010). Such as the emergence of transnational corporations, the increasing number of international organizations and transnational institu tions, enhancing mobility, all that requires government to develop administration function, as immigration authorities, foreign tax administration, international liaison and cooperation agencies, etc., to deal with economic globalization.ConclusionSince 1980, globalization, which means the cross-border flows of goods and capital, through a transnational and local internationalization and globalization these stages of development, has been quite popular, and terminate many advantages as following. Globalization allows many resources, including world capital, technology, products, etc., to be relocated effectively. However, the developing countries are faced both good opportunities and challenges before globalization, mainly because it can both help the developing counties to develop structural optimization of the exports and handle with the problems brought by the globalization. To the consumers, they have more opportunities to select goods and services and it promotes culture commu nication. In addition, globalization still brings trade and investment liberalization as well. On the other hand, many problems appear with globalization. Globalization has exacerbated the imbalance in the world economy and the gap between the wealth and poor. It also has strengthened the instability of the world economy. To developed countries, through the globalization, they benefit more than the developing countries and they might destroy ecological environment in developing countries.Taiwan, which has good nature and culture characters, is fit for grow banana. Now it is the largest export of Taiwan fruit. In addition, Taiwan also has a long history of exporting banana with high yield that why the Taiwan banana is chose as a case study in this essay. However, Taiwan banana also face challenges, such as the quality declining, the growing competitor like Philippine. However, since the Taiwan has become a member of WTO, the situation will change if effective measures are taken. Firs t, the banana quality should be improved. New anti-disease species with good quality banana should be cultivated. Second, the government should encourage the banana farmers positive through effective measures, such as improving the banana price and more privileges.With the globalization, the government plays a key role and the government should have a clear understanding of its responsibility in the modem society, especially as a member of WTO. The government plays a critical role in the development of economy and the government should create and maintain sustainable and healthy economic development. Government is of importance in governing the society. Creating and maintaining an efficient market is more important than industrial policy to the government. In all, with the efforts of all the Taiwan people and Taiwan government, Taiwan will have a bright and sustainable banana market.

Competition is Great, but not Perfect :: essays papers

Competition is Great, but not Perfect In the United States today, the deli very is cardinal of the most important things to stabilize and maintain. The economy is this capitalistic nation in a way. As the economy has gone over the many years, so has the country. A good example of that is the Great Depression everyone in the United States was doing great with the Bull Run of the market and the abundance of jobs. Then things started to change for the worst the economy fell out with the great crash of the bare stock market and along did the people. Everything crumbled like stale bread, including people lives and families. Not until businesses rebuilt themselves and rival returned that the economy at last turned around. The country and the people, upon whose backs it rests finally, turned around also, pulling out of the Great Depression and returning this nation to its greatness.In the article Competition is Great halting Plan, but not Perfect, the author M. Ray Perry man states that the economy is doing well due to the competition between companies and firms as the title might indicate (Perryman 1). Although he states that the competition which fuels our economy has problems, like creating monopolies and companies that dominate markets, identifying them early and becoming aware of them we will be able to keep our economy on the path that it is on (1). Mr. Perryman supports this allege by using such strategies as common sense in his reasonability, relevance, and confidence by using his own voice in this successful essay. In speaking to the American public through his article, Mr. Perryman uses the rhetorical strategy of common sense and reasonability when he states such things as, It (competition) lowers prices, enhances consumer choice, promotes innovation and forces us to use our scarce resources very efficiently (1). This strategy works for him in because it makes a lot of sense that competition would do these things for us. Companies comp eting for business must always try to undercut the opponents prices and costs, with this more choices will be created. Another example of Perrymans use of the common sense rhetorical strategy is when he states, The information and applied science revolution of today, which I believe to be in its infancy, is creating a wider gap between the haves and have nots and is likely to eliminate or greatly reduce the gather up for many relatively unskilled occupation (and more than a few skilled ones) over the next few years (2).

Ethan Frome :: essays papers

Ethan Frome In the novel Ethan Frome, the reader is presented with the character reference of Ethan, who seems to feed wrong and immoral acts throughout the book. From lust to lies, we see Ethan seemingly jump from one immorality to the next. But one can only say these things about Ethan if they have a severe case of tunnel vision. If one looks at the entire character that is Ethan, he can see that while Ethan may commit immoral acts, he is a character that the reader reacts to in a very openhearted way. At the beginning of Ethans story, the reader is told about a man who is in love with his wifes cousin. A natural reaction to this supposition would be to think that Ethan is a bad person, a man with no morals. But as the plot develops, we are shown the true nature of Ethan a manikin man forced into a marriage with a nagging and bothersome wife. Ethan has spent many years alone with his hypochondriac partner, and the entrance of Mattie into his life is the glow of hope and happiness that he needs to survive. Mattie is not portrayed as a home-wrecking tramp, and therefor the reader feels much differently toward the relationship between Ethan and Mattie than he otherwise would. Even though his affair with Mattie is most definitely an immoral act, the reader feels sympathetic to his situation. Perhaps in her depiction of the lonely mans situation Warton evokes emotions that the reader has experienced in his own life, therefor causing the reader to become even more sympathetic towards Ethan and his troubles. Even as Ethan is preparing to commit suicide, a sin that is definitely considered immoral, the reader feels both sympathy and relief that Ethan will escape his situation. When the reader finds out that he survived, there is a multifariousness of let down that he will continue to be tormented in his situation for the rest of his life.